In the manufacturing industry, Welding is a universally indispensable process for forming strong joints in both linear and complex geometries, with heat source selection being crucial for effective filler-base bonding. Additive Manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, is a key Industry 4.0 technology that builds 3D components layer by layer from digital models. AM enables printing of metals, ceramics, and polymers with flexible, customizable, and resource-efficient production.
Welding and Metal-based AM processes use various heat sources: electric arc, plasma arc, laser beam, electron beam, and oxy-fuel sources to join or deposit materials. High-intensity energy inputs enable precise melting of powders or wires for a range of alloys, including aluminum, copper, steel, nickel, titanium, magnesium, and smart materials.
Among the main AM techniques, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) melts thermoplastics using heat, while vat photopolymerization cures liquid resins with UV or other light sources. While in metallic AM, Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) uses high-energy sources like lasers or electron beams to selectively fuse fine metal powders. Its variant, Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), also known as Selective Laser Melting (SLM), is widely adopted for producing metallic parts. Direct Energy Deposition (DED) employs similar high-energy sources and also incorporates low-cost electric arc welding methods such as GTAW, GMAW, CMT, and PAW, giving rise to Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM).
This special issue invites technical and review papers on innovations, advancements, hybrid techniques, and key challenges in welding and additive manufacturing. Topics include deposition-related issues, geometrical behavior, mechanical performance, microstructural changes, key applications, and the development of low-cost AM processes using readily available resources.
Topics include, but are not limited to: Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) Electric Arc Welding Laser Melting / Selective Laser Melting (SLM) /LPBF Wire arc additive manufacturing Surface Modification and Wear Testing Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Multi-Material Depositions Deposition of functionally graded materials Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys Hybrid manufacturing process for welding and additive manufacturing Post-processing and heat treatments