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Rose Genomics Research Associated with Important Agronomic and Ornamental Traits for Biobreeding: Progress, Challenges and Prospects

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Rose Genomics Research Associated with Important Agronomic and Ornamental Traits for Biobreeding: Progress, Challenges and Prospects

Bingjie Zhang 1,2 Wenran Wang 1 Yihan He 1 Linlin Song 1 Xiaoming Sun 1 Changxi Chen 1 Nan Ma 1 Caizhong Jiang 3,* Yunhe Jiang 1,* Junping Gao 1,*

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1
Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
2
School of Construction Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, China
3
Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
*
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Received: 08 May 2026 Revised: 29 May 2026 Accepted: 11 June 2026 Published: 21 July 2026

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© 2026 The authors. This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Biobreeding 2026, 1(3), 10011; DOI: 10.70322/biobreeding.2026.10011
ABSTRACT: Rose is a globally significant ornamental crop and an emerging genomics system for woody ornamental plants. In recent decades, the rapid evolution of high-throughput sequencing and robust technical platforms has yielded high-quality reference genomes and been propelling our understanding of rose biology to unprecedented depths. This review systematically synthesizes the current landscape of rose genomics, recent development of technical and resource platforms, and the molecular mechanisms underlying pivotal agronomic traits such as floral development, scent biosynthesis, petal lifespan, and stress resilience. Despite these strides, high genome heterozygosity, polyploidy, and recalcitrance to genetic transformation remain significant barriers. We discuss how integrating cutting-edge technologies, such as pangenomics, single-cell transcriptomics, AI-assisted genomic selection, and precise CRISPR-based editing, can bridge the gap between fundamental research and practical applications. Collectively, this review provides a strategic roadmap for accelerating the development of next-generation rose cultivars through trait-based biobreeding.
Keywords: Rose (Rosa); Functional genomics; Technical and resource platforms; Agronomic trait genes; Gene editing
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