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Euclid sUAV Handling Qualities Evaluation Through Flight Simulation, Using Cooper-Harper Handing Qualities Rating Scale

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Euclid sUAV Handling Qualities Evaluation Through Flight Simulation, Using Cooper-Harper Handing Qualities Rating Scale

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General Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 34400 Chalkida, Greece
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Received: 03 December 2025 Revised: 02 February 2026 Accepted: 24 February 2026 Published: 28 February 2026

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© 2026 The authors. This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Drones Auton. Veh. 2026, 3(1), 10005; DOI: 10.70322/dav.2026.10005
ABSTRACT: This article briefly presents the design steps, from the conceptual design up to flight simulation of the Euclid 3D printed small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (sUAV). The use of valid tools and proper methodology implementation is essential throughout this entire path to render the aircraft’s kinematics properly in the flight simulator. The primary object of study in this article is the Euclid sUAV handling qualities evaluation through flight simulation, using Cooper-Harper Handing Qualities Rating Scale. A novel methodology consisting of eighteen flight tests is presented, each one evaluating a certain flight procedure. For each procedure, performing instructions are provided. This methodology can be used either as is, or modified, to evaluate the handling qualities of similar sUAV’s. Furthermore, a full video of the procedure is given for validation and replication purposes. The results from the application of the 18-step procedure for the Euclid sUAV, indicated that all scores fluctuated in the (1–3) score region. These score region is translated as satisfactory handling qualities, without improvement needed to the system, according to Cooper-Harper Handing Qualities Rating Scale.
Keywords: UAV; Handling qualities; Evaluation; Cooper-Harper Handing Qualities Rating Scale
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