Structural Design and Application of Two-Dimensional Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Shielding Materials

ABSTRACT: Electromagnetic waves are the foundation of modern communication and information transmission which take advantage of strong penetration and fast propagation. To prevent electromagnetic radiation pollution and improve application efficiency, the development of new types of electromagnetic wave absorption and shielding materials that can convert electromagnetic wave energy into thermal energy for absorption and shielding has become increasingly important. Although progress in different electromagnetic wave-absorbing and shielding materials is exciting, there are few reviews of new materials, especially two-dimensional materials. By analyzing the structure and loss mechanism of two-dimensional materials, this review systematically summarizes the current research status and unique advantages of two-dimensional materials in electromagnetic wave absorption and shielding. By extending traditional synthetic two-dimensional materials to natural two-dimensional mineral materials, the potential applications of these materials in future green development havee been explored. Based on different application scenarios, new challenges and future directions for highly efficient electromagnetic wave absorption and shielding materials are presented. The prospects for the development of two-dimensional materials are also clarified from aspects of macroscopic and microscopic structural design and functional integration.