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Transition from Dispersed RTP to Aggregated TADF in Single-Chromophore Polymers

lssue 2, Volume 4
Part of Special Issue Polymer Materials Synthesis, Design and Applications
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Transition from Dispersed RTP to Aggregated TADF in Single-Chromophore Polymers

Hanyu Wang 1,† Yan Guan 2,† Yang Wang 3 Chengheng Wu 1 Ping Wang 1,* Fuzhi Wang 3,*

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1
Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
2
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
3
State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.

Received: 08 April 2026 Revised: 29 April 2026 Accepted: 08 May 2026 Published: 18 May 2026

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© 2026 The authors. This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Sustain. Polym. Energy 2026, 4(2), 10008; DOI: 10.70322/spe.2026.10008
ABSTRACT: Room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials have merited enormous application prospects in organic optoelectronics. In spite of this, TADF and RTP dual emissions based on single-chromophore polymers still face a great challenge. In this work, we develop a monomer (CzBT) with twisted electron donating carbazole and electron withdrawing benzothiadiazole (D-A) structure and then copolymerize it with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) in different ratios to adjust TADF and RTP emission. The polymers exhibit TADF emission from aggregated chromophores, RTP emission with a lifetime of 240 ms from dispersed chromophores, and a high absolute photoluminescence quantum efficiency (20%). Theoretical calculations confirm that the introduction of twisted D-A structure and heteroatoms can not only promote spin orbital coupling to facilitate the accumulation of triplet excitons for RTP emission, but also help RISC to emit TADF in the aggregated state. When applied to solution-processable organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) devices, excellent current efficiency of 62.7 cd/A and maximum external quantum efficiency of 19.9% were achieved attributing to the dominant TADF emission. This class of polymers paves the way for high-efficiency optoelectronic devices.
Keywords: Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF); Room temperature phosphorescence (RTP); Organic light emitting diode (OLED); Dual emissions
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